Based on core theories of the education industry, this paper defines the core concepts of the institutional and digital environments of the education industry. It compares and analyzes the differences in the development models of the education industries in China and Belarus in terms of institutional systems and digital ecosystem construction. Combining the practical foundations of the education industry development in both countries, it proposes targeted development suggestions from the perspectives of self-optimization and bilateral cooperation, aiming to provide theoretical reference and practical paths for the high-quality development and international cooperation of the education industries in China and Belarus.