Global climate change, resource pressures and social inequality have turned sustainable development into a central concern for firms. The United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and related carbon reduction targets require corporate governance to move beyond a narrow financial focus toward a balance between economic, environmental and social outcomes. At the same time, digital technologies reshape corporate strategy and operations, but many studies still examine digital transformation and sustainable governance separately. This article develops a framework that explains how digital empowerment can support corporate sustainable governance under the global sustainable development agenda. It defines corporate digital empowerment and sustainable governance, adopts a perspective that combines governance logic with capability evolution, and argues that digital empowerment can reshape information structures and decision procedures, support a shift in governance logic, and strengthen sustainable governance capabilities and performance.